Answer:
Industry 4.0 refers to the 4th industrial revolution, the other three were the 1st industrial revolution (late 18th century - the use of steam power), 2nd industrial revolution (late 19th century – the use of electricity for production lines), 3rd industrial revolution (1970s – the use of computers for industrial control systems). Industry 4.0 introduces machine learning and AI to manufacturing. For example the AI might predict a machine is going to fail using sensor data (temperature, vibration etc.) and then ingest the instructions from PDFs, make recommendations to the operators on how to keep it going a while longer, whilst linking to other systems to automatically order the necessary parts, and schedule the engineer with the right skills to fix the machine, thereby avoiding any unscheduled downtime. 1 hour's down time could cost anything from £100,000 to £1 million!